In computer terms, this is often called greyscale.
: 5 Monochrome images are not direct renditions of their subjects, but are abstractions from reality, representing colors in shades of grey. Modern techniques and uses ĭigital photo of Kearny Generating Station, converted to black and white in Lightroom, with color channels adjusted to mimic the effect of a red filter.īlack-and-white photography is considered by some to be more subtle and interpretive, and less realistic than color photography. : 157 Some films are orthochromatic, recording visible light wavelengths shorter than 590 nanometers, : 158 in the blue to green range of the spectrum and are less sensitive to the longer wavelength range (i.e. Most modern black-and-white films, called panchromatic films, record the entire visible spectrum. Cyanotypes use iron salts rather than silver salts, producing blue images. Similarly, selenium toner produces a blue-black or purple image by converting silver into more stable silver selenide.
Later processes moved toward a black-and-white image, although photographers have used toning solutions to convert silver in the image to silver sulphide, imparting a brown or sepia tone. Until the 1880s, photographic processes used to print negatives - such as calotype, ambrotype, tintype, salt print and the albumen print - generally produced images with a variety of brown or sepia tones. From the start, photographic recording processes such as the daguerreotype, the paper negative and the glass collodion negative did not render the color of light (although they were sensitive to some colors more than others).
Monochrome picture of the Helsinki's Market Square from the 1890sĪlthough methods for photographing in color emerged slowly starting in the 1850s, monochrome imagery dominated photography until the mid–twentieth century.
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